13. Regulation Of Blood Glucose Level [7d6fc3]

Unlocking Optimal Blood Sugar Levels: A Guide to Healthy Living

Blood sugar levels play a crucial role best time to check blood sugar in the morning in maintaining overall health and well-being. When it comes to diabetes, understanding the ideal blood sugar range is essential for effective management of the condition.

The Optimal Balance: How High Are You Really Going?

Diabetes is often characterized by excessively low blood sugar levels. Maintaining optimal blood sugar ranges can be challenging, but with a clear understanding of what's considered normal and healthy, individuals can take steps towards achieving balance. A typical fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level for an adult should be less than 100 mg/dL. Similarly, the postprandial (after meal) levels should not exceed 140 mg/dL.

Understanding Blood Sugar Fluctuations: Why Spikes and Drops Matter

Fluctuations in blood sugar can lead to serious complications if left unmanaged. A significant spike or drop in blood glucose levels triggers various physiological responses, including increased insulin release (hypoglycemia) or decreased glucose uptake by cells (hyperglycemia). These fluctuations result from an imbalance between the body's capacity for glucose production and utilization.

The Role of Diet in Blood Sugar Management: Food Choices That Matter

Certain food groups can have a significant impact on blood sugar levels. Complex carbohydrates, fiber-rich foods, and protein sources help regulate blood glucose by slowing down its absorption into the bloodstream. Examples include brown rice, vegetables (broccoli), lean meats (chicken breast), whole grain cereals, fruits like berries and citrus fruits.

The Science Behind Insulin Sensitivity: Understanding Resistance

Insulin sensitivity plays a critical role in regulating blood sugar levels. When an individual's cells become resistant to insulin action over time due to various factors such as age or unhealthy lifestyle choices, the body requires more insulin production to achieve normal glucose levels. High fasting plasma glucose is often associated with decreased muscle and fat tissue response to exogenous (administered) insulin.

Blood Sugar Regulation: Exercise and Sleep Considerations

Regular exercise enhances insulin sensitivity will prednisone increase blood sugar by facilitating increased uptake blood sugar 206 after eating of blood sugar into muscles for energy storage or release as glycogen stores deplete, thereby lowering the demand on endogenous glucose production. Moreover, quality sleep maintains optimal levels of hormones regulating appetite and satiety (ghrelin/leptin) which also play a crucial role in managing daily food choices impacting our diet.

Monitoring Your Blood Sugar Range: Tools for Effective Management

Effective blood sugar range management starts with proper self-monitoring. Monitoring techniques, including using glucometers or continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM), help identify spikes and dips more easily allowing interventions to mitigate such imbalances before they lead to complications

Notes available in Community post of Youtube Normal level Fasting plasma glucose- 70 to 110 mg/dl Post meal plasma glucose-110 to 140 mg/dl Random plasma glucose- 70 to 140 mg/dl SOURCES OF BLOOD GLUCOSE AND UTILIZATION Effect of hormones 1. Insulin- lowers blood glucose, increases uptake, promote Glycogenesis and glycolysis, inhibit gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis 2. Glucagon- increases blood glucose, promote glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis 3. Epinephrine- increases blood glucose, promote glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis 4. Growth hormone, cortisol, ACTH, thyroid hormones- increases blood glucose ROLE OF GLUCAGON AND EPINEPHRINE IN GLUCOSE REGULATION ROLE OF INSULIN IN GLUCOSE REGULATION GLUCOSE UTILIZATION IN DIFFERENT STATES 1. In well fed state – dietary glucose is used for glycogen and fat synthesis. All cells utilize glucose as a source of energy. 2. Post absorptive state- in this state source of glucose is by hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to some extent. Source of energy for brain is glucose. Liver and skeletal muscle utilizes fatty acids as a source of energy. 3. Starvation- After 16 to 18 hrs of fast glycogen store get completely Depleted. Gluconeogenesis in liver and kidney is main source of glucose. Brain utilizes glucose and ketone bodies as a fuel. 4. Prolonged starvation- after several days, main source for gluconeogenesis is muscle proteins. Brain completely depends on ketone bodies as a fuel. Renal threshold- level of plasma glucose beyond which it is excreted in urine (180mg/dl ) Methods of estimation of plasma glucose 1. Glucose oxidase-peroxidase method 2. Hexokinase method 3. By glucometer Increase/ Decrease in plasma glucose is called as HYPERGLYCEMIA/HYPOGLYCEMIA